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https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/2f3397aa-0825-4a48-8792-741c016b8896/dubois-chemicals-1.png What Our Customers Are Saying https://www.msilab.com/gallery daily 0.75 2026-09-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791231992281-82XHSJXTA3GK978EYA0N/Sensitized%2BAustenitic%2BStainless%2BSteel.jpg Metallography Gallery Sensitized Austenitic Stainless Steel Microstructural Feature: Chromium carbide precipitation localized at austenitic grain boundaries. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM A262 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232270694-25IO1Z58A9Y72FDUXJMJ/130129%2BCrack.jpg Metallography Gallery Crack Forming Before Heat Treatment Microstructural Feature: Intergranular processing crack propagating through a raw metal component prior to final thermal processing. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232413563-QTZ8GUF6Y0C09MGT73BJ/Good%2BBraze%2BJoint.jpg Metallography Gallery Good Braze Joint Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation highlighting complete base metal wetting, uniform joint clearance capillary flow, and an optimal braze fillet interface profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232754092-2Q6WQRIPSV0TU6PQ7MPL/143794%2BSample%2B2-2%2BSEI%2B50x.jpg Metallography Gallery Isolated Pitting Corrosion SEI 50x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope secondary electron imaging evaluation identifying localized pitting sites, surface pit initiation geometry, and porous oxidation remnants. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G46 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232950077-MAEJ3N4ITK5J34D3WQ11/Alpha%2BCase%2Bon%2BTi-6Al-4V.jpg Metallography Gallery Alpha Case on Ti-6Al-4V Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation measuring oxygen-rich alpha case depth penetration, brittle layer morphology, and subsurface phase stabilization in an aerospace titanium alloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per GE S-400 quality specifications, ASTM E3, and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232007312-J3AUFSOPD3YJBSHEYBKG/Nickel%2BBraze%2BAlloy%2B100X.jpg Metallography Gallery Nickel Braze Alloy Microstructural Feature: Isothermal solidification and diffusion zone formation along the base metal interface, demonstrating complete filler metal flow and sound joint integrity. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated for microstructural phase uniformity and absence of micro-shrinkage porosity per AWS and ASTM standards under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232284741-RB4ENTBG540APJNWI6SY/147834%2BSEI%2BFracture%2BNear%2BSide%2BA%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Interdendritic Fracture 500x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography evaluation analyzing a brittle interdendritic separation mode along a cast alloy solidification network. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232427492-A6JAJJ8EAP85Z80PXW89/Bad%2BBraze%2BJoint.jpg Metallography Gallery Bad Braze Joint Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation revealing incomplete base metal wetting, extensive unbonded void clusters, and a fractured braze fillet interface profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232765407-7E1642XA1R8GFLRP45OO/143794%2BSample%2B2-2%2BSEI%2B250x.jpg Metallography Gallery Localized Pitting Corrosion SEI 250x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope secondary electron imaging evaluation identifying cavernous pitting degradation, porous corrosion product accumulation, and acicular microstructural phase morphology. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G46 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232964965-YYHT5H1JTNRIMYVQOT9A/Alpha%2BCase%2Bon%2BCP%2BTitanium.jpg Metallography Gallery Alpha Case on a Titanium Alloy Structure Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation measuring oxygen-rich alpha case depth penetration, brittle alpha stabilized surface layer morphology, and grain boundary structures. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per GE S-400 quality specifications, ASTM E3, and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232019158-TQ5RSB86PW2BP9Y9ZS2A/Cast%2BIN718.jpg Metallography Gallery Cast Inconel 718, 100x Microstructural Feature: Grain size distribution, dendritic segregation, and secondary phase precipitation within an aerospace nickel-base superalloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232296188-Z28MMXIQM3TQTNLGWW7S/Aluminum%2Bfatigue%2B4000x.jpg Metallography Gallery Aluminum Fatigue Microstructural Feature: Micro-striation spacing and cyclic propagation morphology evaluated via scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography to identify fatigue failure progression and crack advance. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232450190-491OBFWZ99OBLS367H1U/Electron%2BBeam%2BWeld%2B12.5x.jpg Metallography Gallery Electron Beam Weld, 12.5X Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional weld profile measurement showing deep penetration nailhead morphology, joint width calibration, and heat-affected zone (HAZ) boundary layout. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232775381-7C2LMJ7AL4LSKNRPHV1B/Corrosion%2Bof%2BBronze%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Corrosion of Bronze 500x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying localized dealloying, selective element leaching, and a porous copper-rich oxide network penetration zone. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G112 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232974159-WB6IDS5J5VIMA1C1R0XV/LME%2Bin%2BTube.jpg Metallography Gallery Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME) in Tube Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional failure evaluation identifying intergranular cracking, LME propagation, and grain boundary phase penetration at a weld-to-tube interface profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232032794-AN4BHCIGE0TIFAMENOPC/156103%2BS28%2B%2528Gray%2BCast%2BIron%2529%2BEtched%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Gray Cast Iron, (etched) 500x Microstructural Feature: Graphite flake morphology, size distribution, and spatial orientation within an underlying pearlitic matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM A247 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232322810-KH343SH5CGVUKCNAQ9EV/145182%2BS2%2BFracture%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Fracture 500x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography evaluation identifying an intergranular fracture mode showing rocky, facet-like grain boundary separation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232462894-FZ1BOTK6XZAR80ISMP7H/132466%2BFerrule%2Bto%2BLarge%2BTube%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery Base Metal Erosion in Braze Joint Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying an erosion region and parent metal dissolution at the ferrule and tube interface. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232785523-MMIELORG4WBTBJ3RY0AZ/Pitting%2BCorrosion%2B50x.jpg Metallography Gallery Pitting Corrosion 50x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying subsurface cavity propagation, a stratified oxide scale layer, and localized matrix consumption zones. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G46 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232999383-RR5K3SNFPCFMY17WX6JJ/LME%2Bin%2BTube%2BHigh%2BMag.jpg Metallography Gallery Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME) Crack Branch Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying branched intergranular fracture paths, molten filler metal penetration network, and alloy grain boundary cracking propagation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232043936-1E13VAQX8JDZMFJ90M67/Haynes%2B188.jpg Metallography Gallery Haynes 188 Microstructural Feature: Carbide morphology, grain boundary stability, and oxidation-resistant matrix structure in a cobalt-nickel-base superalloy component. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AMS 5608 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232343137-QM4MI917860KLRHPEV9P/145357%2BSolidification%2BCracks%2BSEM%2B30xb.jpg Metallography Gallery Solidification Cracks Showing a Beach-Mark Progression Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope SEM fractography evaluation identifying hot tearing and solidification cracking propagating outward from a localized weldment fracture origin. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232476444-M33SHN1VUN9C2HUSP9NN/138337%2BSample%2B1%2BSec%2B8%2Bat%2B50X.jpg Metallography Gallery Incomplete Braze Fillet with Joint Voiding Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation revealing an irregular underfilled fillet profile and a horizontal unbonded interfacial void. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232795858-D7KIK6GHB7W1PHLXR24U/156448%2BBEI%2BFiliform%2BCorrosion%2B100xb.jpg Metallography Gallery Filiform Corrosion 100xb Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope SEM cross-sectional evaluation identifying filiform corrosion propagation, an underfilm anodic dissolution track with mud-crack fissuring, and a protective coating interface. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G85 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233011828-2BYCMBHJ4B8STF4C0WGI/Shrinkage%2Bin%2B356%2BCast%2BAl.jpg Metallography Gallery Shrinkage Porosity in Cast Aluminum Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying irregular shrinkage voids, dendritic solidification network cavities, and localized microstructural porosity defects in an aluminum alloy casting. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232056136-OF2ICYHRB2TW8JKR9THX/156102%2BS19%2B%25281045%2BCS%2529%2BEtched%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery 1045 Carbon Steel, (etched) 500x Microstructural Feature: Volume fraction and distribution of pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite phases within a medium-carbon steel matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232357477-5VQ6KYTMU91BJA8KHKDJ/145357%2BSolidification%2BCracks%2BSEM%2B100xb.jpg Metallography Gallery Solidification Cracks Showing Fatigue Striations and Beach-Mark Morphology Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography evaluation identifying localized hot cracking and progressive cyclic separation within the same solidification crack sample. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232507397-A6F921ZF0QPMG0MN6MPR/S1%2BDiffusion%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Braze Alloy Grain Boundary Diffusion Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a distinct interfacial diffusion band and an intergranular grain boundary diffusion network within the joined part. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232805416-V5WSX2LWXAOVPZFLLNAD/155503%2BXsec%2BSample%2B2%2BBEI%2B50x%2B180.jpg Metallography Gallery Stress Corrosion Cracking and Intergranular Corrosion 50x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope SEM cross-sectional evaluation identifying branched stress corrosion cracking (SCC) paths, grain boundary oxidation penetration, and localized surface initiation pockets. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G48 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233021921-3CQNF1Z3N954YSGBVXP1/155508%2BBEI%2B250x.jpg Metallography Gallery Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME) Crack Initiation 250x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope SEM evaluation identifying intergranular micro-cracking, multi-phase overlay matrix structure, and molten metal grain boundary penetration paths. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232065078-50PF39JK4C1EFE6WWZBS/Interdendritic%2BFlake%2BGraphite%2BAs%2BPolished.jpg Metallography Gallery Interdendritic Flake Graphite (as polished) Microstructural Feature: Graphite flake classification, orientation, and size distribution in a gray iron casting sample. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM A247 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232376092-YMXFTE94ZL88R3DJDAUO/Initiation%2B150xd.jpg Metallography Gallery Fracture Initiation Site Microstructural Feature: Mechanical deformation and micro-void morphology, scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography evaluation identifying localized stress concentration and cracking initiation along a component edge profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232519980-W5BJTWT6DKDKB8QJLLGA/Titanium%2BBraze%2BJoint%2BSample%2B2%2B50x.jpg Metallography Gallery Titanium Braze Joint Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying an unbonded interfacial void and a thin capillary layer path within a titanium alloy joint matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232816276-J5WKH6F3SD0JCF7LISSM/Material%2BCorrosion%2B2.png Metallography Gallery Crevice Corrosion at Weld Flange Interface Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional evaluation identifying localized crevice corrosion propagation, unsealed joint interface oxidation scale, and parent metal boundary degradation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G48 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233070328-WNR9MNUWX4RSCAAD6Q41/Carburization%2Bin%2BNickel%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Carburization Within a Nickel-Base Superalloy Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation revealing dense subsurface grain boundary carbide networks and localized environmental pitting within the altered microstructure. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232073759-VU8D9EPZEQY15BUY7N64/156103%2BS21%2B%2528625%2BInconel%2529%2BEtched%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery 625 Inconel, etched 500x Microstructural Feature: Grain boundary carbide precipitation and secondary phase matrix stability in an aerospace nickel-base superalloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232390114-58PTUMV6QOW3SN1MOTNJ/Shaft%2Bfailure.jpg Metallography Gallery Shaft Failure Microstructural Feature: Micro-void coalescence and ductile dimple morphology, scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractography evaluation identifying ductile overload rupture and tensile fracture propagation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232534526-QE1964FRKCP2AVIV6KGB/145209%2BBEI%2BID%2BWeld%2B25x.jpg Metallography Gallery BEI ID Weld 25x Microstructural Feature: Backscattered electron imaging (BEI) scanning electron microscope evaluation identifying a localized lack of fusion defect and fractured oxide scale interface within an internal diameter (ID) weld profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232825837-JCCBW38FC93DFAGPOBL6/SCC%2Bin%2BHot%2BWater%2BPipe%2BSS%2BTube%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery SCC (Stress Corrosion Cracking) in Stainless Steel Hot Water Pipe 100x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying highly branched transgranular stress corrosion cracking SCC paths, crystalline grain penetration networks, and an etched equiaxed austenitic grain morphology. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G48 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233078726-1CFE8WC67R3G05V7YHR1/EDM%2BRecast%2BLayer%2Bon%2BA286%2BFe%2BSuperalloy.jpg Metallography Gallery EDM Recast Layer on A286 Fe Superalloy Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation analyzing an electrical discharge machining recast layer, AMZ (altered material zone) thickness, and white layer microstructural morphology in an iron-base superalloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232081886-QL4CHDU6CAKF8PRSN18I/Resulfurized%2B1144%2BCarbon%2BSteel.jpg Metallography Gallery 1144 Resulfurized Carbon Steel Microstructural Feature: Elongated manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions, pearlite colony distribution, and free-machining phase banding. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E45 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232544554-4C4XNZ9NPL8CUEI420C6/145540%2BJob%2B105409-01%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery Braze Fillet Microhardness Testing and Porosity Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation showing diamond microhardness indentations, gas porosity clusters, and dendritic phase distribution within a braze fillet pocket. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E384 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232835002-EG0S4VN10UAYYSVM8CL2/MIC%2Bin%2BHot%2BWater%2BPipe%2BSS%2BTube%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) in a Stainless Steel Hot Water Pipe at 100x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying localized biocorrosion pitting, tunneling subsurface cavity propagation tracks, and an etched equiaxed austenitic grain matrix with mechanical annealing twins. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G48 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233115546-SMUIZTFJPJ66QAAD1FV8/EDM%2BRecast%2BLayer%2Bon%2BTitanium%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Recast Layer on a Titanium Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying an EDM recast layer, discontinuous white layer profile, and subsurface microstructural grain modifications in a titanium alloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/9120dbbc-8e4b-4152-9981-0249bd892b0e/157783+SEM+50x+USE+THIS.jpg Metallography Gallery Casting Failure and Shrinkage Voiding Microstructural Feature: Significant shrinkage and casting voids weakening structural integrity in the weld region, accompanied by localized ductile overload pockets. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232096130-G30OMCNMX62QIH1JUXGJ/156102%2BS12%2B%2528932%2BBronze%2529%2BEtched%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery C93200 Bearing Bronze, etched 100x Microstructural Feature: Lead particle distribution, tin-rich copper phases, and dendritic alloy solidification networks. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM B846 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232556547-VLZC3M6ZXXCBX0HV54JC/146807%2BSection%2B2D%2B50x.jpg Metallography Gallery Incomplete Braze Fillet and Unbonded Joint Void Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a localized lack of capillary fill, empty joint seam, and a massive interfacial void pocket. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232843713-41EMTYBZHYVS14NGABG0/146890%2BSEI%2BID%2BSurface%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Intergranular Corrosion on Internal Diameter Surface SEI 500x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope secondary electron imaging evaluation identifying severe intergranular corrosion IGC attack, deeply fissured grain boundary separation channels, and isolated grain dropping morphology. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G28 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233126266-OAPTVH260L2Q3NOB2AR6/EDM%2BRecast%2BLayer%2Bon%2BTitanium.jpg Metallography Gallery Recast Layer from Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) on a Titanium Alloy Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a continuous micro-recast layer, shallow white layer depth profile, and an etched duplex alpha-beta titanium base microstructure. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232108557-07UTAOJ4BBWWTSG97Z0U/MAR-M-247.jpg Metallography Gallery MAR-M-247 Superalloy Microstructural Feature: Gamma-prime precipitate volume fraction, interdendritic eutectic islands, and MC carbides within a cast nickel-base superalloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232573848-M7HE2MFIOSUDABU7Z5L4/Fillet%2BWeld%2Bin%2BAustenitic%2BStainless%2BSteel%2BSheet%2B12.5x.jpg Metallography Gallery Fillet Weld in Austenitic Stainless Steel Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional evaluation showing weld profile geometry, fusion line depth, root gap clearance, and elongated base metal sheet grain morphology. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D1.6 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232915236-69JU5WNZ0BX2KDDG6S8A/Exfoliation%252BCorrosion%252B250x.jpg Metallography Gallery Exfoliation Corrosion 250x Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope SEM evaluation identifying severe exfoliation corrosion propagation, a highly stratified oxide scale morphology, and delaminated intergranular layer separation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM G34 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233134935-XR6GOYOT8RM5ACL779FO/EDM%2BRecast%2BLayer%2Bwith%2BCracks%2Binto%2BBase%2BMat%2527l.jpg Metallography Gallery Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Thermal Alteration Zone Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation measuring an EDM recast layer white layer thickness, localized spalling micro-cracks, and deep microstructural fracture penetration into the parent matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232124095-9YL7PJEURNXFGBDC2HS0/Aluminum%2Bwith%2BSi-Precipitates.jpg Metallography Gallery Aluminum with Si Precipitates Microstructural Feature: Silicon precipitate morphology, size distribution, and grain boundary structures within an aluminum alloy matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232610580-VWU1MUCMOAEXPZ1FJ7O2/Laser%2BWeld%2BInterdendritic%2BCracking%2B200x.jpg Metallography Gallery Laser Weld with Interdendritic Cracking 200x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying hot cracking, cellular-dendritic solidification networks, and microstructural phase boundaries within a laser beam weld fusion zone. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233143322-UZP3UEM1JI8ZU2L25XAA/Incipient%2BMelting%2BSteel%2B1000X.jpg Metallography Gallery Incipient Melting on Steel at 1000x Magnification Microstructural Feature: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation identifying localized grain boundary liquation, an interlocking microstructural degradation network, and burning boundaries from thermal overheating. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232132798-6FWU5S7DJWST63RQKD6G/Titanium-6Al-4V%2BAlpha-beta%2Bstructure_500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Titanium 6Al-4V Alpha-Beta Alloy Microstructural Feature: Alpha-beta phase morphology, grain size distribution, and constituent phase orientation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232626204-G2EQJ4WGRVO7RCDIM0EZ/Laser%2BBeam%2BWeld%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery Laser Beam Weld 100x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a 0.010-inch weld underfill profile, joint face concavity, and rapid solidification fusion zone boundary lines. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233165021-KKPZ73XRU3H6MKUVB6PR/Cast%2BTitanium%2Balpha%2Bcase%2B1%2Bhrs%2B750C%2B100X.jpg Metallography Gallery Alpha Case on Cast Titanium at 100x Magnification Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a brittle alpha-stabilized surface layer, oxygen-rich phase contamination depth, and underlying transformed beta matrix morphology. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per GE S-400 quality specifications, ASTM E3, and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232142388-4RN1HOPED58UULRLOE1Y/Ferrite%2Bat%2BPrior%2BAustenite%2BGB.jpg Metallography Gallery Ferrite at Prior Austenite Grain Boundary Microstructural Feature: Proeutectoid ferrite morphology and grain boundary network distribution in a heat-treated steel alloy. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232645580-Y8NK4M6I32LMMJNAIBTV/Resistance%2BWeld%2Bwith%2BNickel%2BAlloy%2BSheet%2BMaterials.png Metallography Gallery Resistance Weld with Nickel Alloy Sheet Materials Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional evaluation identifying weld nugget penetration, columnar dendritic solidification morphology, and a 0.002-inch surface indentation profile. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.2 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233183883-AH5YDRQU7XICZBWVI4N5/Cast%2BTitanium%2Balpha%2Bcase%2B6%2Bhrs%2B750C%2B100X.jpg Metallography Gallery Alpha Case on Cast Titanium at 100x Magnification Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying a continuous surface contamination layer, brittle alpha-stabilized casing morphology, and an underlying acicular alpha-beta matrix structure. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per GE S-400 quality specifications, ASTM E3, and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232156316-DHV2UT5D81Q9VP1ZAF9P/Ductile%2BCast%2BIron%2BFerrite-Pearlite.jpg Metallography Gallery Ductile Cast Iron Ferrite-Pearlite Microstructural Feature: Nodular graphite classification, nodularity percentage, and ferrite-pearlite matrix distribution. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM A247 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232658178-QD7QAVXABRVB1KDEEBFM/142177%2B33C%2BProximal%2BR%2B100x%2BRepolished2.jpg Metallography Gallery Weld Fusion Zone with Gas Porosity Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional evaluation identifying spherical gas porosity defects near the root, a distinct heat-affected zone (HAZ), and weld profile fusion line geometry. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233194916-MZ6GSHV60QC8VRM66XA9/142397-2C.jpg Metallography Gallery Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Recast Layer on a Superalloy Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying an electrical discharge machining recast layer white layer profile, localized thermal alteration zone thickness, and an etched equiaxed microstructure with prominent annealing twins. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232672259-N572LDL6188L2Q9ZM7K3/143339%2BNG1%2BLeft%2BSide%2B100x%2Bwith%2Bmeasurements.jpg Metallography Gallery Weld Penetration Profile and Sheet Thin-Up Measurement Microstructural Feature: Macro-etch cross-sectional evaluation identifying an 11.02 mil weld throat penetration depth, a 7.84 mil localized sheet thinning profile, and an etched heat-affected zone (HAZ). Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E340 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233204767-RMYP0IX6C8UH1U0O53T9/155609%2B188-1PAC%2BEtched%2B100X.jpg Metallography Gallery Base Metal Erosion in a Brazed Thermocouple Assembly 100x Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation revealing active base metal erosion morphology, localized parent metal dissolution boundaries, and a solidified dendritic braze alloy eutectic phase matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS C3.8M and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232186718-LXRYRXVP8NNEQ1YJ1KJY/10kt%2BGold%2BSheet%2BMaterial%2B200x.jpg Metallography Gallery 10kt Gold Sheet Material, 200x Microstructural Feature: Grain structure, deformation bands, and phase distribution in a precious metal alloy sheet. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232685169-6YMYP6KQDJHWOKXPYRDD/143314%2BSN%2B28113%2BLeft%2BEtched%2B100x.jpg Metallography Gallery Micro-Edge Weld Profile in Austenitic Alloy Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying corner edge fusion geometry, equiaxed base metal grain morphology with annealing twins, and an un-welded joint seam interface. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per AWS D17.1 and ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233221290-NY2W5V70XLAYBG9COFDH/159299%2BGraphitization%2Bin%2BBoiler%2BTube%2B500X.jpg Metallography Gallery Microstructural Graphitization Within a Carbon Steel Boiler Tube Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying nodular graphite phase formations, localized iron-carbide decomposition, and carbon migration zones within a ferrite crystal lattice. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791232199378-9AI6JPQPX8TZXXBQA278/Cobalt%2Balloy.jpg Metallography Gallery Cobalt Alloy Microstructural Feature: Carbide distribution, secondary phase precipitates, and matrix grain boundary integrity. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233233753-NBNYGAOK597TUFVT3JBU/159299%2BIGO%2BBoiler%2BTube%2B500x.jpg Metallography Gallery Intergranular Oxidation (IGO) Within a Carbon Steel Boiler Tube Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying localized grain boundary oxidation networks, surface scaling depletion zones, and isolated graphite nodules within an etched ferrite microstructural matrix. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233244673-7GC7WBU0UX8ZJ7UMNJXS/Hydrogen%2BEmbrittled%2BCopper.jpg Metallography Gallery Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) Within a Tough Pitch Copper Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying extensive intergranular micro-fissuring, grain boundary void coalescence, and steam reaction cavity networks within an etched copper alloy microstructure. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/01c5c154-5a3e-4ee8-9102-d48434af1846/AISI+321+Steel+Plate+200X.jpg Metallography Gallery AISI 321 Stainless Steel Plate, 200X Microstructural Feature: Stabilized austenitic grain structure, titanium-stabilized carbide distribution, and rolling/annealing orientation. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E112 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233264933-S3PK2ZXLU2VY0FMBB2RS/IGO%2Bin%2B8620%2BCase-Hardened%2BLayer.jpg Metallography Gallery Intergranular Oxidation (IGO) Within an AISI 8620 Case-Hardened Alloy Matrix Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying localized subsurface grain boundary oxidation networks, alloy element depletion zones, and fine microstructural degradation paths. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233277856-QBWNBDA1DDJ3Q6V74SSC/Skin%2Blamination.jpg Metallography Gallery Surface Skin Lamination Defect Within a Rolled Steel Coil Sheet Profile Microstructural Feature: Metallographic cross-sectional evaluation identifying continuous sub-surface mechanical separations, elongated oxide inclusion stringers, and structural layer delamination. Metallurgical Context: Evaluated per ASTM E3 and ASTM E45 under ISO 17025 accredited laboratory standards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/68069cf9645a132f8af664bb/1791233285694-U1D0M6NXOJ86EK1JNYYH/142476%2BSample%2B3.jpg Metallography Gallery Inter-Laminar Delamination in a Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite Matrix Microstructural Feature: Microstructural cross-sectional evaluation identifying polymer interface voiding, carbon-filled PEEK layer distribution, and structural layer separations. 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